How exactly can i conduct target training?
First - figure out what he finds rewarding. It can be treats, praise, physical attention, a toy, or?
Second, decide on your target. It can be your hand, a chopstick, a crochet needle, an acrylic stick, a ball, etc. It's easier to use an item the bird isn't afraid of, but you can train a bird to target to an item they are afraid of.
Third - start by rewarding the bird for looking at the target. Then reward the bird for moving their head towards the target. Then reward for taking a step towards the target. Then reward the bird for taking two steps towards the target. Etc.
NOTE: A bird does not need to physically touch the target in order to be target trained. Step up, when done correctly, is actually a form of target training!
Is it like me rewarding him being cuddly and being firm when he's biting?
See above. Also, please do not ignore a bite, nor "punish" a bird for biting.
The only bite that can't be rewarded is the one that never occurs. Easier said than done, yes, but possible! This essentially means to back off before the bite occurs and try to figure out why the bird was about to bite. If the bird is biting you, get the bird off! (gently, of course!)
Ignoring the bite simply tells them that they may need to bite harder or longer to try and communicate with you. If this behavior is ignored, this can lead to possibly an aggressive bird, or a bird who learns learned helplessness. That is, no matter the outcome, the animal has no choice in the final decision. Neither one is a good outcome.
I'm sorry, i don't mean to come off as ignorant, i'm just not used to this
That's perfectly fine! We were all new at one point in time! And even with experience, sometimes we have to change the way we do things if we end up with a bird who's behavior we've never dealt with before!
today he was more tolerable since we took my cousins dog back to her house! Hopefully this could be the start of us forming a bond?
Sounds like the dog was definitely a factor in your bird's behavior! Birds bite as a form of communication and it really sounds like Flash was trying to say that he's not comfortable with the dog in the house. The dog is, after all, a predator, and Flash is prey.