Asthma Complications

Flash

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Hi,

New member, here's my intro thread:

http://www.parrotforums.com/new-members-welcome/38994-hi-aberdeen-scotland.html#post337435

Apologies but this is a long and complex post...

Chilli is a 7 year old Greenwing Macaw, previously in excellent health. We shared our lives with a CAG, but on Halloween Chilli suffered what appeared to be an asthma attack. She had a few of those years ago, which we eventually traced to a wood burning stove, and there had been no recurrence since we stopped using the stove.

The attack wasn't too severe. I'm not exactly sure when it started as I was bout at the time, but as soon as I came back I moved her to the shower room, and steamed it up, after about an hour of that she was pretty well recovered. At the same time I ventilated the rest of the apartment, and that seemed to be the end of it. I though it might just be a one off, so decided just to keep a close eye on her. Next day she was back to her usual self, and everything was fine for a week, then she suffered a second attack. The recurrence was a little more worrying, and the attack was a little more severe this time, and lasted longer. I slept with her on my pillow so that I could monitor her through the night, but by morning she seemed to be fine, just a little tired. The day after that she was back to normal again.

I do have a nebuliser, but it's at my house, which is currently occupied by my ex and there was apparently some difficulty looking it out for me. Unfortunately I forgot to take it when I moved out, as I had assumed that I'd be back in possession of my house months ago, but anyway... long story :(

Chilli then suffered a third and much more serious attack 10 days later. I'd never seen an attack this bad before, it was much worse that any of the previous ones, and there were times I thought I was going to lose her. She was whimpering through some of it. There is no specialist avian vet within 200 miles of where we live, and to be honest I think if I'd attempted to probably futile journey to the local vet then she might have died in transit. Instead I moved her into the vacant apartment below us, which I have access to, and which would be entirely free of dander.

Eventually the attack abated, but it took hours. At this point I realised that any potential sources of the allergy needed to by eliminated if possible. The list was:

recent batch of food
airborne pollution from the city
oil filled radiator
dander from the CAG

I immediately moved the CAG back to live with my ex, who to her credit was very supportive, and also managed to loan me a nebuliser, although not my nebuliser (don't ask), and some F10SC.

Next I bought a carpet washer and hard floor washer, and completely cleaned the apartment top to bottom three times (and once a week subsequently), and aired it out for 24 hours, opening all the windows and running the extract fans. I repeated the dusting again every 24 hours until any traces of dander were undetectable.

The heater, although unlikely to be the culprit, was exchanged for another one, and I ran this at a lower temperature, and humidified the room slightly with a basin of hot water.

I have never had any sources of teflon in the house, so that was ruled out, and her cage has always been stainless.

I examined the new batch of food, it's the same exceptionally high quality stuff we've always used, everything is human grade, and I often munch on it myself. The nuts are all diamond stamped, and I pick out the peanuts. Decided that the food was unlikely to be the source of the problem.

Chilli's voice was still croaky for a few days afterwards, but within a week it the difference was barely noticable, and I thought we were in the clear. Didn't want to use any medication unless absolutely necessary as she had a sting immune system, and wanted to give that a chance. There has not be any attacks since, and CAG dander is now the main suspect. Although the birds had lived together for 7 years, in our other home they spent a lot of time in the aviary.

I've also always had air scrubbers fitted in every room of the house, I use the incinerator type, and these are also fitted to this apartment. These were originally fitted because I'm actually allergic to CAG danger, although I found an easy and safe way to control that. Later when Chilli was going through her woodsmoke allergy period, CAG dander was a suspect, so the number of scrubbers was increased.

Why the dander should become a problem now I'm not entirely sure, but I've been very busy lately, and hadn't been keeping on top of the dusting, and that coupled with the lack of the aviary, the fact that it was winter, and the windows were closed, and the heater was drying out the atmosphere is the most likely explanation. The dust was visible in the air when the sun shone through the window.

We're now approaching a month since the last attack, but the last week the croaky voice has returned during the last week, and is becoming more noticeable. The only other symptom is that she is sleeping occasionally through the day with he head under her wing, but it could just be that I'm noticing this more, and it's not actually unusual. These aren't ling naps, just a few minutes, and only once or twice a day. She sleeps 10 hours in the dark every night, with an hour of dim light on a timer either end of that.

However:

she is perching on one leg, including when sleeping
eyes are clear
there is no evidence of tail bobbing
her breathing looks and sounds normal, and her chest sounds clear
eating normally
drinking normally
flying normally
squawking normally, and very loud when she wants attention (normal)
preening normally
no noticeable weightloss - she's a big bird, even for a Greenwing
there is no discharge from her nostrils
there is no coughing or sneezing
she isn't fluffed up, except perhaps during these short sleeping spells
her plumage is fine, and there's no blackening of it either
she is playful, vocal, and active
her droppings are normal
does not appear breathless

If I take her to the local vet, then he's not going to notice anything other than the voice issue. In order to probe further he's probably going to suggest anaesthetising her, and I'm keen to avoid that unless there's no option, or he condition begins to deteriorate.

I could drive to the avian vet, which is 200 miles away, but that a whole day of driving with her getting stressed in a travel cage. Again, he'd probably have to put her under to take x-rays, and peer down her throat, so I'd rather avoid that at present, because although she's not quite herself, she's far from being obviously sick. 6 years ago, when we had the previous issue with asthma (which turned out to be due to a wood burning stove), a local vet diagnosed aspergillosis, and wanted to put her under and do a biopsy. I refused, as I felt that the risks were too high, and that turned out to be the right decision at that time.

The extra sleeping spells may all be normal, just that i'm more conscious of them, I wouldn't have given that a second thought if it hadn't been for the croaky voice. Now I'm well aware that birds hide their illnesses, but when she's had a cold or whatever in the past, it's always been quite noticable that all is not well, and this isn't the case here.

She's still playing with me, she showers with me once a week, she plays with her toys, she beak crunches, and if you looked at her then you'd see a really healthy looking specimen. There has been some minor feather chewing since the CAG moved out, but that's understandable, and she's previously done similar when we've moved house, so was not unexpected. I'm treating that with Featheriffic, which worked the last time. I don't use the Avicalm, because that turned her into a zombie last time, and the Featheriffic does seem to be working nicely again with regard to the feathers.

There is also the possibility that the slightly croaky voice isn't serious and will clear up on it's own. In theory this could be a seed that's gotten lodged, but suspect that her body acids would have softened it up enough to be expelled by now, so consider that unlikely.

The most likely explanation is that she's contracted a secondary respiratory infection off the back of the last asthma attack, either bacterial or fungal. I've started nebulising her with 1:250 concentration F10SC, three times a day for 30mins. I'm hoping if it's a non-serious secondary infection then that might be enough to shift it. Have also bumped up her diet with addition of some oat biscuits, one spread with palm oil and manuka, and another spread with virgin coconut oil, which is known for it's anti fungal and anti bacterial properties.

I've also been reading about stuff called Oxine AH, which is commonly used with a nebuliser to treat respiratory infections in poultry. It's chlorine based, and seems to be used the same way as F10. Chicken and duck people describe it as miraculous, even saving birds at death's door with aspergillosis where antifungals have failed. Has anyone any experience of using this with parrots?

Any thoughts?
 

Mike17

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I have no experience with asthma in birds, but do have with in humans (me :)). I'd be extremely wary of chlorine if your bird's already had asthma, I recall it nearly put me in hospital in high school after exposure in science experiments, and I've never been happy around swimming pools. I concur that a secondary infection is likely after the asthma attack, as I often had lingering bronchitis as a kid. Frankly, unless it's fungal, and known to be fungal, I'd be concentrating on antibiotics. That would only be proven with microbiological testing, which it would be worthwhile having before trying commercial chicken-raising treatments.
 

Mayden

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Just thought I'd chime in with vet questions. Who is the avian vet 200miles away? Also have you ever contacted vets who are not 'avian ' by qualifications but has the experience you need?

Our first vet was brilliant and he was a standard cat/dog vet with "exotics" being his primary interest. Because of that he'd dealt with his fair share of birds and was great. Just thinking it might be an alternative route. You will need a vet at some point so its best to find one you trust now.
 

crimson

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I understand your reluctance to drive that amount of distance. it's a gamble whether he will be fine during the ride.....but he may be fine too!

what troubles me a bit, is you haven't taken him in already. 3 attacks and worsening every time is nothing to take a chance with.

these are symptoms you shouldn't ignore. please don't get me wrong, I've had my fair share of issues with my birds, but there is a fine line when you should seek vet assistance.

sorry I forgot, welcome to the forum!
 
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crimson

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Just thought I'd chime in with vet questions. Who is the avian vet 200miles away? Also have you ever contacted vets who are not 'avian ' by qualifications but has the experience you need?

Our first vet was brilliant and he was a standard cat/dog vet with "exotics" being his primary interest. Because of that he'd dealt with his fair share of birds and was great. Just thinking it might be an alternative route. You will need a vet at some point so its best to find one you trust now.

I agree with Mayden, sure avian vets are the best choice, but there are vets who have plenty of experience and knowledge with birds... my *other* vet I have is not an avian vet, but should be....he possesses so much knowledge with birds, he's been seeing them for 25 years, and I trust him completely....guess I'm lucky, he's just 15 minutes away, and Evan, my avian vet is 45 minutes away.
 
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Flash

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Chilli had a history of asthma attacks previously 6 years ago, which it transpired were caused by a wood burning stove. I recognised the symptoms. The only treatments I'm comfortable with giving her for asthma are nebulising with F10, which helps open the airways, or using steam to do the same thing, which is what I resorted to. Other possible treatments involve steroids or metacam, and I'm not convinced either of those are a good solution in the long-term. The best way to deal with asthma is to remove the source of the allergen, and I'd managed to do that right after the third and final attack, which was a month ago. Hence no subsequent attacks.

My concern now is that she seems to have contracted a secondary infection after being weakened by the asthmatic episode. Unfortunately diagnostics are tricky to do without an anaesthetic, at best we might be able to get an X-Ray. Blood sample from a conscious Macaw... I'm guessing not. I'm not prepared to subject a healthy bird, who might naturally make a full recovery, to a general anaesthetic - the risks are too great.

Outside of that, a vet is not going to be able to detect anything beyond what I've already noted. The only overt symptom is that her voice sounds hoarse.

It seems to me that there are several possibilities:

1) Unrelated trapped or aspirated seed. Doubtful because she'd either be showing more serious symptoms by now, or her body acids would have softened it enough to be expelled.

2) Vocal changes are related to the asthma episode. Strange thing is that her voice almost fully recovered, and it's only I'm the last week it's gone hoarse again.

3) Secondary bacterial infection. The absence of any discharge makes me skeptical. Also if it were bacterial then she would likely be spending more time fluffed up with both feet on her perch.

4) Secondary fungal infection. If there is one, then it's in the very early stages, and it's likely that her immune system would be able to deal with it. She's only 7 years old and otherwise in perfect health.

5) Opportunistic viral infection. Again I'd be expecting her to be spending more time fluffed up with both feet on her perch.

If it was possible to safely do diagnostics to establish 2), 3), or 4) then drugs might be an option, but not willing to risk pumping her full of drugs that might be unnecessary, or treating completely the wrong condition with a drug that makes thing worse.

Hence I'm sticking to nebulising with F10 for the time being, unless there's any change in her condition. F10 is effective against both types on infection, and also helps open up the airways, so can't really do any harm there.

While it's often stated that birds hide illness, I suspect that depends on context. A bird that's caged most of the time might not display obvious symptoms, as it's going to be doing much the same stuff healthy or sick. A bird that spends most of its life outside a cage... is it really going to be hassling you to swing it upside down from a rope whilst going whoop whoop and flapping it's wings, whilst seriously ill? I doubt it.

So the questions I have are:

Has anyone had diagnostics, particularly X-Rays or blood work done on a large Macaw without resorting to anaesthesia?

Can anyone suggest any other possibilities for what might be wrong with her, and have any idea what the indicators might be?

Does anyone know if it's safe to nebulise a Macaw with Oxine AH? I don't plan on doing that right now, it's only for later if she show no improvement with the F10.
 

Mayden

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Blood work will not require anaesthetic - just some towelling and a few pairs of hands. On a smaller bird, maybe, but not a Greenwing. (Not if the vet is comfortable and competent that is.)

X-rays will require anaesthetics because a bird will not stay still for a clear image, wasting time, money, etc for blurry images. Anaesthetic for birds these days is brilliant and not something to be terrified about. Chilli would have a better chance of treatment for whatever it is now, than she would have if she were to get worse.

You did not answer my questions regarding your actual avian vet and any vets that may be close to you with 'exotics' experience. I can only presume you're referencing the UoE Vet school for your avian vet?

I'm more than happy to help scour the area trying to find an appropriate vet for you. I too don't like the idea of Chilli having to travel so far in an emergency and being in the UK, I may be more help than some of our US members :)

I don't know what is wrong with Chilli, but until she has seen a vet, all we have is guesswork and I don't think it's fair to try and treat, or put off treating, based on guesswork.

You are right, that inactivity is different between wild/captives, but they honestly they are martyrs compared to us, they do not shudder at illness until it physically causes them to. By that point it's generally too late, you have noticed something, so I urge you to get her checked out asap.

I think the stressful journey for a vet visit, will not hurt Chilli too much as long as stress is kept down (cage, low perches, covered, quiet, etc) compared to a fourth asthma attack.

I can't recall if you said you had air filters? (Is that an air scrubber? If so, please ignore this!) There are some amazing ones which zap bacteria and all sorts, helping to reduce the risk of asthma attacks caused by environment stimulus. So if you haven't already, I'd recommend investing in a good quality one.
 

TessieB

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Never hurts to call the avian vet and explain your situation. You'll be surprised at the knowledge that can be shared. Learn as much as you can about what can be done for your pet and your fears may be eased somewhat. O2 therapy is critical for these birds, and if you are so inclined and have the money, you can purchase an 02 cage to use during respiratory crisis in your home.

Good luck with her
 

Betrisher

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It seems to me we're all hypothesising over what it might/mightn't be and not one of us has veterinary qualifications. Even a standard dog/cat vet will have studied avian biology during his course and will, by definition, have a better clinical knowledge than most of us. I can see how worried you are about your bird, but really a vet is the logical first port of call when something as serious as asthma (or aspergillosis or a lingering infection) is the risk.

Step back from the problem for a moment and see that you're writing reams of text to a group of people who cannot see or examine the bird. It makes a lot more sense to drive the distance and get a proper examination done. Then, you'll know for sure what's wrong and be able to treat it. Using steam and a nebuliser might be exactly the right thing for a human lung or bronchial condition, but it may not be the ideal treatment for what Chilli has: it's conceivable you could be doing more harm than good. For example, if the problem is fungal, you wouldn't want to be adding more warm moist air to an already overburdened airway.

Please don't think I'm being callous: I'm really not and I so feel for you, worrying about Chilli. The best way to allay your worry is to see the qualified doctor, get a definite diagnosis and then follow a course of treatment based on what's really happening and not on what everyone thinks is happening.

Please accept my warmest wishes for Chilli's recovery and for your peace of mind. I hope you'll keep us informed of her progress and I hope she recovers completely from this nagging condition. Cheers! :) :) :)
 

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